Time Clocks and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System

• url: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/uploads/prod/2016/12/Time-Clocks-and-the-Ordering-of-Events-in-a-Distributed-System.pdf
• foreward: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/time-clocks-ordering-events-distributed-system/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

Highlights

• There is only a partial order in which an event e1 precedes an event e2 iff e1 can causally affect e2
• A system is distributed if the message transmission delay is not negligible com- pared to the time between events in a single process.