Multi-Level Ontology-Based Conceptual Modeling

Abstract

Since the late 1980s, there has been a growing interest in the use of foundational ontologies to provide a sound theoretical basis for the discipline of conceptual modeling. This has led to the development of ontology-based conceptual modeling techniques whose modeling primitives reflect the conceptual categories defined in a foundational ontology. The ontology-based conceptual modeling language OntoUML, for example, incorporates the distinctions underlying the taxonomy of types in the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) (e.g., kinds, phases, roles, mixins, etc.). This approach has focused so far on the support to types whose instances are individuals in the subject domain, with no provision for types of types (or categories of categories). In this paper we address this limitation by extending the Unified Foundational Ontology with the MLT multi-level theory. The UFO-MLT combination serves as a foundation for conceptual models that can benefit from the ontological distinctions of UFO as well as MLT's basic concepts and patterns for multi-level modeling. We discuss the impact of the extended foundation to multi-level conceptual modeling.

Highlights

Introduction

  • The [OntoUML-based] approach is so far unable to describe subject domains in which the categorization scheme itself is part of the subject matter.
    • t.2024.10.01.16 like D&D classes
  • In OntoUML, the taxonomy of types of the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) has been reflected in the language such that the distinctions of the foundational ontology can be used to provide useful constraints and modeling guidelines, ultimately leading to ontologically well-founded conceptual models. The resulting conceptual models consist of a collection of types (classes) of individuals in the subject domain (e.g., the “Person” kind, the “Child” phase, the “Student” role). Each of these domain types instantiate types in the foundational ontology (e.g., kind, subkind, role, phase, etc.).

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